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               ADVANCED REMEDIATION MIXING, INC.
       (formerly Chemfix Technologies/CeTech Resources) 
               (Solidification and Stabilization)
                                
This vendor is participating in the EPA Superfund Innovative 
Technology Evaluation (SITE) Program.  The following technology 
profile has been reproduced from the SITE Technology Profile 
document, 7th edition.  The SITE profile has been supplemented by 
MVA Consulting Inc. using information obtained from the vendor or 
from other SITE publications referenced at the end of this file.
                                
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TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION:

In this solidification and stabilization process, pozzolanic
materials react with polyvalent metal ions and other waste
components to produce a chemically and physically stable solid
material.  Optional accelerators and precipitators may include
soluble silicates, carbonates, phosphates, and borates.  The end
product may be similar to a clay-like soil, depending upon the
characteristics of the raw waste and the properties desired in
the end product.

Typically, the waste is first blended in a reaction vessel with
pozzolanic materials that contain calcium hydroxide.  This blend
is then dispersed throughout an aqueous phase.  The reagents
react with one another and with toxic metal ions, forming both
anionic and cationic metal comple-xes.  Pozzolanic accelerators
and metal precipi-tating agents can be added before or after the
dry binder is initially mixed with the waste.  When a water
soluble silicate reacts with the waste and the pozzolanic binder
system, colloi-dal silicate gel strengths are increased within
the binder-waste matrix helping polyvalent metal cations.  A
large percentage of the heavy metals become part of the calcium
silicate and aluminate colloidal structures formed by the
pozzolans and calcium hydroxide.  Some of the metals, such as
lead, adsorb to the surface of the pozzolanic structures.  The
entire pozzolanic matrix, when physically cured, decreases toxic
metal mobility by reducing the incursion of leaching liquids into
and out of the stabilized matrices.  With modifications, the
system (shown below) may be applied to wastes containing between
10 to 100 percent solids.

WASTE APPLICABILITY:

This process is suitable for contaminated soils, sludges, ashes,
and other solid wastes.  The process is particularly applicable
to electroplating sludges, electric arc furnace dust, heavy metal
contaminated soils, oil field drilling muds and cuttings,
municipal sewage sludges, and residuals from other treatment
processes.  This process effectively treats heavy metals, such as
antimony, arsenic, lead, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, mercury,
copper, and zinc.  In addition, when combined with specialized
binders and additives, this process can stabilize low-level
nuclear wastes.

STATUS:

The solidification and stabilization process was demonstrated in
March 1989 at the Portable Equipment Salvage Company site in
Clackamas, Oregon.  The Technology Evaluation Report was
published in September 1990 (EPA/540/5-89/011a).  The
Applications Analysis Report was completed in May 1991
(EPA/540/A5-89/011). [The objective of this demonstration was to
solidify metals, although PCBs were present in the untreated
material at concentrations up to 1,900 ppm. PCBs did not leach
from the soldified mass after treatment, but these results are
inconclusive since PCBs did not leach from the untreated
material.]

In addition, several full-scale remediation projects have been
completed since 1977, inclu-ding a high solids CHEMSET  reagent
protocol designed to treat 30,000 cubic yards of hexavalent
chromium-contaminated,  high solids waste.  The average chromium
level after treatment was less than 0.15 milligram per liter and
met toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) criteria. 
The final product permeability was less than 1   10-4 centimeters
per second (cm/sec).

DEMONSTRATION RESULTS:

The demonstration yielded the following results:

>  The technology effectively reduced copper and lead
   concentrations in the wastes.  The concentrations in the
   TCLPextracts from the treated wastes were 94 to 99 percent
   less than those from the untreated wastes.  Total lead
   concen-trations in the untreated waste approached 14 percent.

>  The volume of excavated waste material increased between 20
   to 50 percent after treatment.

>  During the durability tests, the treated wastes showed little
   or no weight loss after 12 cycles of wetting and drying or
   freezing and thawing.

>  The unconfined compressive strength of the wastes varied
   between 27 and 307 pounds per square inch after 28 days. 
   Hydraulic conductivity of the treated material ranged between
   1   10-6 cm/sec and 6.4   10-7 cm/sec.

>  Air monitoring data suggest there was no significant
   volatilization of polychlorinated biphenyls during the treat-
   ment process.

>  Treatment costs were approximately $73 per ton, including
   mobilization, labor, reagents, and demobilization, but not
   disposal.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

EPA PROJECT MANAGER:
Edwin Barth
U.S. EPA
Center for Environmental Research
    Information
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH  45268
513-569-7669
Fax: 513-569-7585

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPER CONTACT:
Sam Pizzitola
Advanced Remediation Mixing, Inc.
711 Oxley Street
Kenner, LA  70062
504-461-0466
Fax: 504-466-9032
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Sources of information in this profile:

EPA Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation Program 
        Technology Profiles Seventh Edition, November 1994. 
        EPA/540/R-94/526.

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